Definition Of Leadership For Me - 917 Words

1. The definition of leadership for me is as simple as the actions of a person that has the position, either implied or assigned, of influence over other people. A person can be a good leader or a poor leader depending on those actions. I have experienced both types of leaders in my career and have been able to glean characteristics from both to shape my leadership skills. I believe that a leader will have traits that are positive and negative. Chief Richardson, my Chief in 1995, taught me that decisions made by people are their decisions. Even when the supervisor knows it is not the best decision, the supervisor needs to inform the member and explain the implications, but ultimately the decision is the member’s to make. My MKC in 1997 showed that leading by example is powerful. He was the epitome of â€Å"do as I say, not as I do.† Working for him for two years, I decided that whenever possible I would lead by example. Chief Duprau exhibited the effect of words without action in 1999. Telling the engineers at station small that he believed the previous chief neglected them, he promised to visit at least once a month. The next time he visited was four months later. And a personnel matter, not scheduling, necessitated that visit. Since that unit, I have done my utmost to do what I say I will or not say it in the first place. MKC Thunberg showed me that you should know your peers’ jobs as well as your own. Knowing the deck side of the ship as well as engineering helped bothShow MoreRelatedDifferent Definitions Of Leadership, Skills, And Behavioral Styles That Set Me Apart From Everyone Else?1336 Words   |  6 Pageshelps in determining whether to keep it up or improve on the said skills. With different definitions of leadership, different people also view my leadership skills differently. This is simply because I possess certain traits, skills and behavioral styles that set me apart from everyone else. Having completed the three surveys wh ich includes; Five-Factor Trait Model, Skills inventory and Situational leadership surveys, a friend completed the Behavioral Style Questionnaire. Five- Factor Trait ModelRead MorePersonal Statement On Emotional Intelligence885 Words   |  4 PagesIndividual Leadership Assessment Paper This paper has 3 purposes. First, to assess my emotional intelligence (EQ) and relate my EQ to my future nursing practice. Second, to compare the differences between leadership styles. Last, to provide a definition of leadership and illustrate how the provided definition of leadership will impact my future role as an advanced practice nurse practitioner (APNP). The tools used to accomplish the goals of this paper are a web based EQ assessment tool and a reviewRead MoreLeadership Analysis : Martin Luther King Jr.1038 Words   |  5 Pagesnot one standard definition of leadership? No. If you look up â€Å"Leadership Definition† in a Google and in .28 secs you get 458,000,000 results. Despite this number, I don’t think that finding the actually definition is the hardest part but finding the actions of a leader and implementing is. I tried searching the definition of leadership by looking and observing others at first but then I came to realize that there is no single def inition for leadership. I had to find it within me. Then I sat downRead MoreDefinition Of Leadership : Today s Economic Environment Essay951 Words   |  4 PagesDefinition of Leadership The modern and technically advanced workplace of today demands that strong leaders be in place so companies can continue to grow and compete for financial resources. Companies of today need more than someone who knows how to manage the available resources and ensure required tasks are completed. To be successful in today’s economic environment you need not only strong managers to take care of the day to day tasks but leaders who will inspire those around them to accomplishRead MoreA Discussion On Leadership And Management891 Words   |  4 PagesThe discussion of what actually compiles a leader is constantly a debate. The definitions of leaders, followers, and the characteristics that they each have are never the same between two people, which makes it a difficult topic to openly tackle. Once the conversation begins, one might have a solid stance on what he/she defines as leadership but as the conversation unfolds and more questions are asked, what he/she thought she knew c an be completely turned upside down. It is the kind of topic thatRead MoreA Comprehensive Leadership Approach On Leadership1421 Words   |  6 PagesComprehensive Leadership Approach Thoughts on Leadership Just the thought of leadership excites me. This is because I became very interested in the topic of leadership, immediately after I joined the United States Army in 2003. As a civilian, without any job experience, I had never been formally exposed to leadership, although, in retrospect, I was surrounded by family and community leaders. There are numerous sources that depict leadership. In this writing, I describe my thoughts on leadership in termsRead MoreLeadership And My Middle School Career822 Words   |  4 Pages Leadership and I, we’ve brushed shoulders a lot. There are the times I’ve confronted it, like the time I took the reigns on a School Club Project, and the times I’ve tried to avoid it, much like the times I have tried, to no avail, to gain experience and â€Å"power† whilst avoiding it. And then there are times I have tried to understand it with Google searches, Bing searches, Chrome searches, Wikepedia searches, Dictionary searches, and eve n Leader inquiries. The conclusion I had reached: there wasRead MoreThe Theoretical Foundation Of Leadership And Management1456 Words   |  6 Pagesfoundation of leadership and management. From various leadership styles to numerous learning tools have all aided in shaping me to become an effective leader not only in the health care profession, but everyday life as well. Through utilizing these tools, I have managed to put them into actions through working individually and in teams which has helped me to learn more about myself and the type of leader I am. Throughout this action plan I will reflect on my definition of leadership, what I’ve learnedRead MoreLeadership Notes On Leadership And Motivation1314 Words   |  6 PagesModule 2 Leadership Motivation 4th June 2015 Table of Contents Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Page 2 My Leadership Map †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Page 3 Leadership Practice †¦........†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Page 3 Leadership v Management ............................................................................................... Page 4 Effective Leadership Characteristics .†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Page 4 Leadership Development ...Read MoreServant Leadership By Robert Greenleaf And Dirk Van Dierendonck Essay1491 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction It’s safe to say nearly everyone has a different definition of servant leadership. Some focus on specific characteristics required of leaders, others are more interested in the interactions with others. Nevertheless, there is more recently a large emphasis on servant leadership in ministry. Servant leadership is an incredibly integral part of being a healthy leader in ministry. Servant leadership requires you to be attentive, be a model of specific characteristics outlined by Robert

Analysis Of Dumpster Diving By Lars Eichner - 972 Words

Interpretation of Eichner Homelessness has been an increasingly difficult problem to solve within America. Though it affects many, nearly one-fourth of homeless people are veterans, most of which have served in Vietnam or have had an honorable discharge. â€Å"Dumpster Diving,† by Lars Eichner is a nonfiction short story about how society is quick to judge people based on their possessions. Eichner narrates this short story as a homeless man forced to survive by living off of the discarded materials of the people whom are more privileged than him. His tone throughout the story is sarcastic and condescending toward the educated audience he is projecting to, often lying and making fun of them. Eichner urges the audience to gain more respect for†¦show more content†¦Undefeated, Eighner makes his way to the local college where the students, particularly the sorority girls, who use meaningless material gain to increase emotional stability, similar to that of the people in the pizza shop. Despite hi s agitation he tends to linger near their housing, as what they define as trash still has value: â€Å"since it is Daddy’s money, the student decides not to take a chance†(Eichner 355). throwing out items such as peanut butter, to the narrator’s disappointment who states, â€Å"non organic peanut butter does not require refrigeration and is not likely to expire in any reasonable time.†(Eighner 355) Not only are the students unappreciative as a result of their dependence on their parents, having everything handed to them has turned them into defeatists: â€Å"students throw out canned goods and staples at the end of semesters and... they give up at college midterm† (Eighner 355). The lazy students see only particular items as valuable but have no sense of what value actually means, throwing away anything in good condition because they do not have to pay for it. Never having to struggle the students, continue their path of destruction, never being a ble to understand happiness with their distorted view of the real world. Eighner emphasises that memories last

Why A Good Sense Of Communication Is Important Free Essays

While the student spends a lot Of their time in school, the student spends just as much mime, if not more, at home. It is important for the teacher and the parents or guardians to be on the same page and work as a team when it comes to behavior and academics. Another area where educators need good communication skills is in the school, as well as in the community. We will write a custom essay sample on Why A Good Sense Of Communication Is Important or any similar topic only for you Order Now By communicating with all of the other teachers who will be involved in your students education (librarian, PEE teacher, computer teacher, etc. One can ensure that they know every aspect of that child’s day, and can paint a clearer picture of how to educate that child in a more efficient way. Communities can also play a large role in a student’s fife. By properly communicating with the community and keeping everyone informed of what is expected in the school, concerning both education and behavior, one can help make the learning experience more rounded. Including important members of the community in different lesson plans, and even career days can inspire and motivate a class. The last area that communication is vital is probably the most important. The communication between the student and the teacher is incredibly important. If the teacher and the educator don’t communicate properly, the educator with have no way of knowing how to meet the student’s needs. The teacher will also have no way of knowing if there is a problem within the class, or if a student Isn’t learning properly or effectively. Without communication between the teacher and the student, learning and education is nearly pointless. In conclusions, communication is key in education. It is important for not only the families of the students to stay informed, but the student himself, the school, and the community as well. How to cite Why A Good Sense Of Communication Is Important, Papers

The Knowledge Management

Question: Write an essay onThe knowledge management. Answer: 1. Introduction The knowledge management is the ability to capture, develop, store and share the information in the company repository and using to gain strategic and tactical advantage in the total process (Richter and Niewiem, 2009). The KM is an important system which can integrate all major and minor functions in a firm which enables the power of the decision making at right time (Luo and Liberatore, 2009). In this case study we take a look at the actors, the situation and circumstances, with redefining new solutions in KM (knowledge management) perspective. 2. The knowledge environment The Manic Marketers market image for the outsiders was high on branding that attracted the job seekers. The sixty team members exemplified their calibre in the business circuit which helped to grow rapidly. The Manic Marketers presented a well drafted interview job description that seemed compelling for the prospective job seekers who wanted to be a part of their bandwagon. The key words of open and collaborative are the builders of expectations in the job seekers, while projecting the self image as world class knowledge environment led to substantiate their secret to early success in the business world (Ko, 2014). The last line in the advertisement stated explicitly the work is fun, as if party time for all. The short and crisp message of the vacancy position explained that was needed in the nutshell was catchy. The interview was very smooth, where Manic Marketers projected the KM (knowledge management) factor, collaboration within teams, feedback process was explained that helped t o set the expectations of the KM framework existing in Manic Marketers. The induction post interview was good as the technology platforms, organisational culture which enabled the KM showed the minimalist approach to work and even the offer letter emailed. The orientation had managers from Manic Marketers stating the documentation happens by default while there are many KM systems and structure in Manic Marketers which was not shown to the candidate. The hands on approach to records management system, financial system, library with the detailed process of knowledge objects collection that went into records and HR process was shown (Sturdy and Wright, 2011). The first instance of the distorted reality of Manic Marketers that was entirely different was visible with the week 2. This becomes evident when the freshly inducted Damon was not able to comprehend the task at hand and the Manic Marketers departments, processes that were not explained. The first barrier in decoding the actors in the project titled GB: Garabaldon Brothers with seven people to head the project were all coded. This was a major obstacle as there is no phone intimation, coordination from the other team members, and clients were listed in coded form. It took considerable effort to understand the file papers and understand the process of the transactions that has happened in the past. The KM factor failed in Manic Marketers as documentation process did not follow a rule while the rule book was not explicit in the file inner cover. The management of Manic Marketers assumed it is easily comprehendible for others showed the myopia in thinking process. Taking coding is univer sal in Manic Marketers there was no system where coordination of the team (seven members) which should have been a briefing email to all the participants about Damon heading. The KM factor here is very rudimentary where corporate knowledge dissemination did not happen which defined the work smarter tenets projected by Manic Marketers. Learning in training did not correspond to the actual work process, neither on the job hands on experience existed in Manic Marketers for the first task. 3. The role of a mentor The mentor in a company is essentially a friend irrespective of the organisational hierarchy and lends a hand to the less experienced person for product, process, service knowledge inputs enabling to build a trust and foster the positive behaviour (Chen, 2011). The mentor hence, needs focussed determination of the knowledge transfer from one to other and help to resolve the problem. The mentor in the case of Manic Marketers is the key to understand the gaps in the KM framework which Damon was having difficulty. The mentor could visibly see the different training and the job challenges which Damon is facing. The initial support is induction training related, while the hands on experience, to apply that training knowledge in Manic Marketers had gaps that led Damon to figure out the coded information. The mentor in Manic Marketers was not organised and the support Damon received post orientation training was negligible. The mentor referred to some other people who were not helpful at al l showed that work load was too much and mentors could not contribute to come to Damons assistance. Effective mentoring however needs constant engagement process, that showed extended support to the mentee, dependable and authentic to the needs and problems of mentee (Swart and Harvey, 2011). The above case in Manic Marketers presented a unique opportunity for the mentor to understand the Damons inability to link the dots, and be a part of the mainstream employee. The mentor could have done the following roles to help Damon be equipped for the first task in Manic Marketers. The work process mentor is the ideal one as the product, process and service is closely hinged to it. It also allows relating to different clients, delivery systems, negotiation patterns that are critical for dealing with them. There is also technology mentor who can be of help to aid systems to reach out through intranet and internet, KM framework, accessibility rules and codes, BCP (business continuity planning) management for IT (information technology) systems, methods, backup and the use of tools to aid KM delivery (Nikolova et al. 2009). The mentor aiding the second week would have helped the training period and golive phase to join as a continued process, would have helped the new employee to adjust to the work procedures faster. The consequence would have been a better KM managed firm that helped to stick to the expectations projected in the job vacancy advertisement. 4. Forms of organisational knowledge The Manic Marketers did have extensive client base and segregation of the clients information in one file, the actors who have dealt in past, records of the transactions by value and date. However, it had coded the company knowledge in such a manner that is not easily comprehendible by the new comer Damon. There should have been information segregation in the Manic Marketers that could have streamlined the operations. Manic Marketers faltered in knowledge sharing and coding extensively which is evident from the case study. Before the technological support began, in Manic Marketers, Damon faced challenged in decoding the files for the first task. The files are the company knowledge properties and there are many departments as well so codification of classified files of a select group of clients is necessary. Based on this tenet, Manic Marketers scored high while it did not have file de-codification KM system. It has a well documented process to maintain transactions, contacts, billing and orders in one single file that is not coded. To maintain the corporate information secrecy within teams and in the company as well, Manic Marketers should have devised a separate coding list for the GB project which should have access to the current project members. For all the members who have left Manic Marketers and to save guard the coding analogy, it should be changed the moment one member of the project team leaves or resigns. The data security should be stored in the intranet and accessible remotely from any computer around the world by members of the project team (Napier et al. 2009). There intelligent KM system in Manic Marketers could have been a integrated framework for the project GB where the automatic update of the information to all members would help to align the team composition, its creation, meeting date, agenda and dates. The codifiable knowledge of the Manic Marketers would help old staff to connect through IT based communication and keep updated the new employees about what has happened and what to discuss. An effective KM system could have helped the project to be allocated electronically without face to face meeting where the agenda and meetings could have been electronically scheduled. Availing the records online would have helped to do information to be shared online at real time basis, which would have helped all the members of project to be prepared and focus on the key deliverable actions needed (Napier et al. 2009). All of these would have helped Manic Marketers to streamline the legacy information to be updated, for real time access and also to be better prepared for due course of future action. 5. Key weaknesses in the social capital The case of Manic Marketers showed that the issue of organisational culture is hyped towards newly inducted employees, while the old staff had their own ways of working. The management of Manic Marketers was not aware about the inability of Damon who was not able to comprehend project file codes neither there was any attempt by the mentor to do so. The absence of systems in KM, the heavily coded file and knowledge not being disseminated without mentor aiding it gave Manic Marketers to be more of a closed KM framework. This indicates that the social capital level is very low, and each of the projects with the individual team members is busy to help each other. Knowledge as information therefore is static, not aided by humans neither IT has made the KM system static. It did set the expectations of the KM systems in the orientation however failed in the execution as sharing of the business coding was not done to Damon a new comer. The file that was shared did have documentation which wa s implicitly coded by the previous owner that supports the codification in knowledge repository principle (Napier et al. 2009). However the new staff not at easy to access the information is a indication of the absence of codes in internal core knowledge repository. The Manic Marketers KM system had weaknesses that showed the physically unavailability of the members to aid each other. This shows the necessity to create a intranet group pertaining to the project members and setting up communication support and accessibility support to drive forward. The Manic Marketers management foresightedness to visualise project driven approach to task and segregating the team distinctly on the intranet KM is a weak point. The records management not linked to a centralised coded corporate knowledge repository which was absent is a major weakness. The security of the data in the GB project is at stake with members already leaving Manic Marketers needed differential coding that was not done. The ma nagement is not explicit about the work procedures, while they assumed the new comer will find it themselves. This attitude towards managing records, zero knowledge dissemination and projection of the Manic Marketers brand image will get a bad press. Manic Marketers did not acknowledge that they needed to revive and align the KM systems neither the management encouraging creating systems to share the knowledge. 6. Knowledge sharing strategies Assuming that the brand Manic Marketers is successful in the business circle however, its KM needs an overhaul which is evident from the above case study. There are many ways to develop a framework but the ideal one will be a customer centric model which is demand driven and aligns functions in one integrated platform (Nikolova et al. 2009). This main KM framework can be then customized into client specific KM systems that connect the intranet, communication and KM repository. Each of these will allows capturing data, store, retrieve, access on a web based platform which will require the security passwords. This revamped system will help the Manic Marketers to segregate client or project based approach to task and align the resource allocation virtually. It also allows any single staff to be a part of multiple projects designed in the Manic Marketers new KM system. The central access of these inclusion of the members in the Manic Marketers client based team will require IT head, Mani c Marketers CEO head and project head authorisation. This strategy will automate tasks, help to align and schedule the tasks, meetings using KM system aided through IT (Chen, 2011). Manic Marketers thus can manage multiple clients and multiple projects in each of the clients that from user (staff) point of view can be prioritised as per upcoming events or activities. This will help the project tollgates as activity based events which will require each of the members attention. The task creation and delivery involving one or more can be amended and it is this customisable feature which will help the Manic Marketers management to align physical presence, strategies into desired outcomes effectively. The designing of KM system in Manic Marketers will also have access protocols and time stamps of who accessed what, on real time. This will keep the CIA (confidentiality, integrity and accountability) of any action, inside Manic Marketers which will be for an official purpose and disintegr ate the coded files that Manic Marketers has currently. The KM strategy will be backwards as all action created will be customer oriented that will set off series of actions in the Manic Marketers KM system and set relevant alerts in the departments and key staff(s). Sharing is an important feature in KM and it will be limited to the members only with protocol driven strategy in safeguarding client integrity (Chen, 2011). The cases of information or past projects, that adds value to the Manic Marketers work procedures can be segregated into a central repository which will help the staff to update knowledge level and in subsequent application process (Swart and Harvey, 2011). 6. Conclusion The above case is a classic example of KM in ideology and not in action as much of it needed a well designed IT system, in Manic Marketers. The issue however was much deeper as the culture to share was not there, so it made KM redundant. The implied knowledge was closely held and not shared explicitly that neither had protocols to be shared to relevant people. Manic Marketers KM system needs a thorough redesign which will enable old data to merge with future projects. The above new system proposed with allows the idealistic picture of the Manic Marketers staff to perform and aid strategic and tactical decisions in real time. References Chen, C.Y. (2011). Managing projects from a client perspective: The concept of the meetings-flow approach. International Journal of Project Management, 29(6), pp.671686. Ko, D.G. (2014). The mediating role of knowledge transfer and the effects of client-consultant mutual trust on the performance of enterprise implementation projects. Information and Management, 51(5), pp.541550. Luo, W. and Liberatore, M.J. (2009). Achieving it consultant objectives through client project success. Information and Management, 46(5), pp.259266. Napier, N.P., Keil, M. and Tan, F.B. (2009). IT project managers construction of successful project management practice: A repertory grid investigation. Information Systems Journal, 19(3), pp.255282. Nikolova, N., Reihlen, M. and Schlapfner, J.F. (2009). Client-consultant interaction: Capturing social practices of professional service production. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 25(3), pp.289298. Richter, A. and Niewiem, S., 2009. Knowledge transfer across permeable boundaries: An empirical study of clients decisions to involve management consultants. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 25(3), pp.275288. Sturdy, a. and Wright, C. (2011). The active client: The boundary-spanning roles of internal consultants as gatekeepers, brokers and partners of their external counterparts. Management Learning, 42(5), pp.485503. Swart, J. and Harvey, P. (2011). Identifying knowledge boundaries: the case of networked projects. Journal of Knowledge Management, 15(5), pp.703721.